Quick Take

 

Knowing how HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) spread—and the tools that prevent them—helps you protect yourself, your partners, and our Greater Lafayette community. Prevention works best when it’s layered: testing + treatment + condoms + PrEP/PEP + vaccines + communication.

 

Key Prevention Layers

 

1. Test regularly. The only way to know your status is to test. Routine screening catches infections early when they’re easier to treat.

2. Treat early. Effective HIV treatment lowers viral load to undetectable levels (see U=U) and cures many bacterial STIs when treated promptly.

3. Condoms & barriers. External (male) and internal (female) condoms reduce HIV and many STI risks when used consistently and correctly.

4. PrEP (Pre‑Exposure Prophylaxis). Daily pills or long‑acting shots for people who are HIV‑negative and at risk. Highly effective when taken as prescribed.

5. PEP (Post‑Exposure Prophylaxis). Emergency HIV meds started within 72 hours (the sooner the better) after a possible exposure.

6. Vaccines. Protect against other infections that impact sexual health (e.g., hepatitis B, HPV). Ask your provider which vaccines apply to you.

7. Reduce partner‑related risk. Fewer anonymous partners lowers exposure; talk openly about testing history and prevention plans.

8. Safer injection practices. Use new, sterile syringes; never share works.

9. Substance use awareness. Alcohol or drug use can lower inhibitions and increase risk. Plan ahead for safer choices.